English Summary
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO
BACK PAIN
Zuljasri Albar
Rheumatology Suddept., Dept. of
Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medi-
cine, University of Indonesia / Cipto
Mangunkusumo General Hospital,
Jakarta, Indonesia
Back pain is one of the most
frequent symptoms in medical
consultation. It is not a disease
entity, since back pain can be
originated from many different
medical conditions.
This article emphasises sys-
tematic clinical approach that is
problem-oriented in order to be
able to devise an effective and
efficient management to
patient with back pain.
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brw
MANAGEMENT OF ANKYLOSING
SPONDYLITIS
Riardi Prarnudiyo
Rheumatology Subdept., Dept. of
Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medi-
cine, University of Indonesia l Cipfo
Mangunkusumo General Hospital,
Jakarta, Indonesia
Ankylosing spondylitis is a
chronic inflammatory disease
with unknown etiology; affecting
main-ly axial skeletal structure.
This disease has skeletal as well
as extraskeletal symptoms.
The skeletal symptoms consist of
spine pain/stiffness, chest pain,
knee and shoulder pain;and extra-
skeletal manifestations may in-
clude cardiac, pulmonal, renal
and nervous system symptoms.
Diagnosis is made according to
clinical manifestations and radiolo-
gical findings which is consistent
with New York Criteria (1984).
Difficulties in diagnosis may be
encountered if there is no sacroi-
liitis in radiological examination, in
isolated chest pain, and if the pa-
tient is either too young or too old.
Management include regular
exercises, drug therapy and cor-
rectional surgery.
Cermin Dunia Kedokt. 2000; 129: 20-4
brw
Art may make a suit of clothes, but nature must produce a man
(Hume)
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran No. 129, 2000
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