English Summary
PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT IN
RHEUMATIC DISEASES
Harry Isbagio
Rheumatology Subdivision, Department
of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,
University of Indonesia/Cipto Mangun-
kusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indo-
nesia.
Although there were more than
100 different joint diseases, the
general management in acute
phase is basically similar.
In early stages, the principles
of management are to obtain
pain relief, to preserve joint
functions and to prevent disabili-
ties. Pain relief can be obtained
through rest, splinting, intraarti-
cular injections and oral medi-
cations; while physiotherapy and/
or hydrotherapy should prevent
disabilities.
Referral tothe rheumatologist
should be considered when the
disease persists for more than
three months, or become chroni-
cally disabling.
Cermin Dunia Kedokt. 1992; 78 :15- 7
brw
SIDE EFFECTS OF NOSTEROIDAL
ANTI INFLAMMATORY DRUGS
AR Nasution
Rheumatology Subdivision, Department
of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,
University of Indonesia/Cipto Mangun-
kusumo General Hospffal, Jakarta, Indo-
nesia
The use of nonsteroidal anti
inflammatory drugs becomes
increasingly more common.
While the efficiency of diffe-
rent drugs is comparable,the side
effects could be variable. Those
side effects mainly affect the
gastrointestinal tracts, haemo-
poetic system, urinary tracts, skin
and the liver.
Since particularly there is no
absolutely safe nonsteroidal anti
inflammatory drugs, it is impor-
tant to select the most appro-
priate drugs for each patient, and
to monitor closely the signs of
side effects.
Cermin Dunia Kedokt. 1992 ; 78 : 36-9
brw
DEVELOPMENT OF CORONARY
HEART DISEASE IN CHILDREN
Effendy Salim, J.M. Ch. Pelupessy
Department of Child Health, Faculty of
Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Ujung
Pandang, Indonesia.
Coronary heart disease is a
disease due to the narrowing of
the coronary artery by athe-
rosclerosis. The pathological
changes which lead to athe-
rosclerosis begin in infancy and
progress during childhood. The
main risk factors leading to
atherosclerosis include hyper-
lipidemia, hypertension and
cigarette smoking. Atheroscle-
rosis is characterized by thicken-
ing of the intima. At postmortem
examination, the earliest macro-
scopic lesion is the presence of
the fatty streak, which is an ac-
cumulation of lipid - predomi-
nantly cholesterol, both extra-
cellulariy in the intima and in-
tracellularly in the foam cells.
This fatty streak will develop to
atheromatous plaque which can
narrow the coronary artery. The
major hypothesis proposed as
the pathogenesis of atheroscle-
rosis are the lipid infiltration and
the endothelial injury theory.
Cermin Dunia Kedokt. 1992; 78:43-6
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Cermin Dunia Kedokteran No. 78, 1992
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